· François Villeroy de Galhau Wiki · Banque de France WikiThe international role of the euro and the development of European safe assets
Read full speech on bis.org ↗ContextSpeech of François Villeroy de Galhau, Governor of the Bank of France, at the European Stability Mechanism (ESM), Luxembourg, 2 October 2025.
Why it mattersThe Banque de France Governor on safe assets and equity finance as keys to the euro's international role.
Problems raised
- European venture capital lags far behind the US.
- Europe lacks common safe assets.
- Equity financing is too weak.
Solutions proposed
- Prioritise five levers of the capital markets roadmap.
- Focus on equity financing.
- Issue joint debt only for growth-raising European public goods.