· Joachim Nagel Wiki · Deutsche Bundesbank WikiCurrent economic policy challenges in Germany and Europe
Read full speech on bis.org ↗ContextSpecial lecture by Joachim Nagel, President of the Deutsche Bundesbank, at Yonsei University, Seoul, 1 December 2025.
Why it mattersSpeaking in Seoul, the Bundesbank President compares German and Korean exposure to US-China tensions.
Problems raised
- Export-driven economies are exposed to US-China tensions.
- Dependence on imported energy creates vulnerability.
- Labour shortages and pensions weigh on Germany.
Solutions proposed
- Complement the fiscal package with structural reforms.
- Ease labour shortages and strengthen pension financing.
- Pursue European-level reforms too.